| | ||
What Do I Need? | . | ||
marshmallows | ![]() Ancient Egyptians made a puffy white treat out of honey and the dried, carrot-shaped root of the marsh mallow plant, which grows in fields and swamps. Today we still call these candies marshmallows, but now theyre made with sugar and gelatin. Marsh mallow root is still used to make some kinds of glue. | ||
paper plates or paper towels | |||
microwave oven | |||
toothpicks (if you want) | |||
food coloring (if you want) | |||
What Do I Do? | |||
1. Put two marshmallows on a paper plate or paper towel. | | ||
2. Put the plate in the microwave. Set the timer for 1 minute (60 seconds) on high. | |||
3. Stand back and watch through the window of the microwave. After about 20 seconds, youll see the marshmallows start to puff up. Theyll grow to about four times their original size! | |||
4. When the microwave turns off, take the plate out and put it on the counter. | |||
5. Wait a few seconds, then pull one marshmallow off. Is the marshmallow hollow inside? Is the inside the same color as the outside? When you eat it, is it soft or crunchy? | |||
6. Leave the other marshmallow on the plate and watch it for a minute. When it shrinks back down, you can pull it with your fingers and make it into whatever shape you want. It will stay in that shape and get hard and crunchy. You can eat it, too. | |||
Whats Going On? | . | ||
When you warm air in a closed container, the gas molecules move around faster and push harder against the walls of the container. As the air in the bubbles warms up, the air molecules bounce around faster and faster and push harder against the bubble walls. Since the sugar walls are warm and soft, the bubbles expand, and the marshmallow puffs up. If it puffs up too much, some air bubbles burst, and the marshmallow deflates like a popped balloon. When you take the marshmallow out of the microwave and it cools off, the bubbles shrink and the sugar hardens again. When the microwave marshmallow cools, its dry and crunchy. We think thats because some of the water in the marshmallow evaporates when the marshmallow is hot. If you cook your marshmallow for too long, it turns brown or black inside. That happens when the sugar gets so hot that it starts to burn. | |||
What Else Can I Try? | . | ||
Expand-a-Face: Dip a toothpick into food coloring and draw a face on your marshmallow before you put it in the microwave. As the marshmallow puffs up, the face will get bigger and bigger. In the springtime, its fun to expand marshmallow chicks and bunnies instead of regular marshmallows.
| ![]() Share the results of your marshmallow experiments. | ||
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